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DIY Solar Power
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Invariably people who are handy and familiar with home improvement projects ask 'Can I install my own solar power system?'. The answer is 'Maybe'. A lot of it depends of course on you. The solar manufacturers have recognized the need for simplicity in these systems. With the groundswell of both DIY homeownership and clean energy, many of them are making kits that homeowners can install. Some are completely self-contained prepackaged systems designed for the average homeowner. Let's talk about the literal and figurative tools you'll need to install a system yourself.
Permitting and Inspection
Check with your local building department to see if they even allow homeowners installed systems. IF they do, be sure to get a clear idea of what the inspector wants to see and what stages of the installation need to be signed off. The local utility will also want to inspect it, make sure that you know what they require.
Familiarity with Electricity
While you don't need to be a NASA engineer to figure out these prepackaged systems, basic electrical knowledge is a must. If you can use a volt/ammeter, understand basic grounding techniques, and can use electrical terminology, you're probably a great candidate. Ability to run wiring efficiently and troubleshoot electrical circuits is a huge plus. We always, ALWAYS suggest that you talk to a master electrician before and after every installation so that you can be sure that you have not just installed your system correctly, but in manner that will maximize energy efficiency.
Roof Type and Composition
The trickiest part of it all can be the actual roof attachment. Generally for asphalt shingle roofs the homeowners must attach the panel mounts directly to the rafters. If you live in a gabled home with an accessible attic, this might not be a big deal. If you live in a home with a complicated roof line this can be a huge deal. Checking this out ahead of time and gaging the complexity of the roof mount will save you a lot of time and headache later.
Basic Carpentry Skills
Much of the actual installation of a system involves basic carpentry layout and nuts and bolts assembly. The racking systems come with instructions and are generally no harder than assembling that entertainment center your spouse bought at Target. Layout will include making a simple drawing, snapping a chalk line, and basic measurements.
Pole and Ground Mounted Systems
Most ground mounted system will require you to drill and place one or several concrete caissons. This has gotten much easier in recent years with the availability of Quikcrete and Sonotubes. For any installation required more than a ½ cubic yard of concrete, we recommend just purchasing it from a ready mix company that will deliver it to your site. Your back and your sanity will thank you.
Tools of the Trade
Most DIY homeowners will have or have access to the following tools (thank god for Home Depot's tool rental department!)
Two extension ladders in good condition
Volt/ammeter
Electrical wiring tools including a large set of snips for cutting 1/2”-3/4” diameter copper wire.
Conduit benders
Socket set
Basic carpentry tools (wrenches, hammers, tape measures, etc.)
Power drill with socket set
Caulking guns
Knee pads
Safety Equipment
It doesn't make much sense to install a solar power system if you are not going to be around to enjoy it. This work can be dangerous. For working on the roof, make sure you have a safety harness on at all times. Consider renting a scissor lift or JLG for moving panels to the roof and avoiding ladder accidents. Practice electrical safety by locking out circuit you are working on. Always have a master electrician inspect and test your system before a single electron flows. And remember, if the sun is shining those panels are creating voltage!
Get Trained
So you think you are up to the task? The details of solar installation is beyond the scope of this book. But there are plenty of other resources out there. Many websites have videos and books that will help you with the nitty gritty details of solar installations. Get as much information as you can. There are also tons of hands on training sessions held around the country for novices and experts alike. And who knows, after you get your system done you may have found a new career.
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